第7章 Spring Boot集成模板引擎

其实，没有任何一个模板引擎（jsp，velocity，thymeleaf，freemarker，etc）可以完全实现MVC绝对的分层，只有“自由度”上的界定罢了。因为MVC本来就是相互关联的，不可分割的一个整体。

在MVC模式中，模板引擎的工作原理基本一样，比如说以freemarker为例，如下图：

7.1 Spring Boot集成jsp模板

7.2 Spring Boot集成thymeleaf模板

7.3 Spring Boot集成velocity模板

本节我们使用SpringBoot集成velocity开发一个极简的服务监控系统。

我们使用SpringBoot 1.4.5.RELEASE，这是SpringBoot集成Velocity views的最新版本，目前看也是最后一个版本。数据库ORM层我们采用jpa。

默认情况下，Spring Boot会配置一个VelocityViewResolver，如果需要的是VelocityLayoutViewResolver，你可以自己创建一个名为velocityViewResolver的bean。你也可以将VelocityProperties实例注入到自定义视图解析器以获取基本的默认设置。

以下示例使用VelocityLayoutViewResolver替换自动配置的velocity视图解析器，并自定义layoutUrl及应用所有自动配置的属性：

@Bean(name = "velocityViewResolver")
public VelocityLayoutViewResolver velocityViewResolver(VelocityProperties properties) {
    VelocityLayoutViewResolver resolver = new VelocityLayoutViewResolver();
    properties.applyToViewResolver(resolver);
    resolver.setLayoutUrl("layout/default.vm");
    return resolver;
}

1.配置pom依赖

引入spring-boot-starter-parent

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <!-- Starter for building MVC web applications using Velocity views. Deprecated since 1.4 -->
        <version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version>
        <!--<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>-->
    </parent>

引入velocity-starter

<!--web容器支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>            
        </dependency>
   
        <!--Velocity starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-velocity</artifactId>
        </dependency>

默认配置下spring boot会从src/main/resources/templates目录中去找模板

引入jpa,mysql-connector

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2.application.properties配置

# VELOCITY TEMPLATES (VelocityAutoConfiguration) 在SpringBoot
spring.velocity.templateEncoding=UTF-8
spring.velocity.properties.input.encoding=UTF-8
spring.velocity.properties.output.encoding=UTF-8
spring.velocity.resourceLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
spring.velocity.suffix=.html

server.port=7001

# security
#security.user.name=admin
#security.user.password=admin

# Spring Boot log level
logging.config=logback.xml
logging.level.org.springframework.web: INFO

#mysql
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/femon?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8
spring.datasource.username = qa_conn
spring.datasource.password = qa_conn
spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# Specify the DBMS
spring.jpa.database = MYSQL
# Show or not log for each sql query
spring.jpa.show-sql = true
# Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, update)
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update
# Naming strategy
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy = org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy

# stripped before adding them to the entity manager)
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect

3.Dao层代码示例

package com.femon.dao;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import com.femon.entity.ServiceData;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;

/**
 * @author 一剑 2015年12月23日 下午9:34:15
 */
public interface ServiceDataDao extends PagingAndSortingRepository<ServiceData, Integer> {

    @Query("select h from ServiceData h where h.serviceId = ?1")
    List<ServiceData> findByServiceId(int serviceId, Pageable pageable);

    @Query("select h from ServiceData h where h.serviceId = ?1 and h.sampleTime between ?2 and ?3 ")
    List<ServiceData> findByServiceIdAndDay(int serviceId, Date dayStart, Date dayEnd, Pageable pageable);

    @Query("select h from ServiceData h where h.serviceId = ?1 and state=0 and h.sampleTime between ?2 and ?3 ")
    Page<ServiceData> findFailByServiceIdAndDay(int serviceId, Date dayStart, Date dayEnd, Pageable pageable);

    ServiceData save(ServiceData h);

}

4.Controller层代码示例

package com.femon.controller;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.List;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

import com.femon.dao.ServiceDao;
import com.femon.dao.ServiceDataDao;
import com.femon.entity.Service;
import com.femon.entity.ServiceData;
import com.femon.result.ServiceDataResult;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.web.PageableDefault;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * @author 一剑 2015年12月29日 下午5:23:22
 */
@Controller
public class ServiceController {
    @Autowired
    ServiceDataDao historyDao;
    @Autowired
    ServiceDao serviceDao;

    ......

    @RequestMapping(value = "/service", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView list(Model model, @RequestParam(value = "page", defaultValue = "0", required = false) int page,
                             @RequestParam(value = "count", defaultValue = "10", required = false) int count,
                             @RequestParam(value = "order", defaultValue = "ASC", required = false)
                                 Sort.Direction direction,
                             @RequestParam(value = "sort", defaultValue = "gmtCreate", required = false)
                                 String sortProperty,
                             @RequestParam(value = "hostCode", defaultValue = "1", required = false) int hostCode) {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("/service");

        Page result = null;

        if (hostCode == 0) {
            result = serviceDao.findAll(new PageRequest(page, count, new Sort(direction, sortProperty)));
        } else {
            result = serviceDao.findByHost(hostCode, new PageRequest(page, count, new Sort(direction, sortProperty)));
        }
        long totalPages = result.getTotalPages();
        List<Integer> pageIndexList = new ArrayList<Integer>((int)totalPages);
        for (int i = 0; i < totalPages; i++) {
            pageIndexList.add(i);
        }
        int currentPage = page;
        List<Service> serviceList = result.getContent();
        model.addAttribute("serviceList", serviceList);
        model.addAttribute("pageIndexList", pageIndexList);
        model.addAttribute("currentPage", currentPage);
        model.addAttribute("currentHost", hostCode);

        return modelAndView;
    }

    ......

}

5.执行定时任务

简单的定时任务的执行，只需要使用@Scheduled注解即可。但是要在启动类上面加上注解@EnableScheduling。

支持cron表达式：

@Scheduled（cron="0 * * * * MON-FRI")

和fixedRate:

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 60000)

等使用方式。

代码示例

@Component
public class WatchService {
    @Scheduled(fixedRate = 60000)
    public void curlJob() {
        ...
    }
}

6.启动类代码

应用入口类：Application.java

package com.femon;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

/**
 * @author 一剑
 */

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.femon")
@EnableScheduling
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

7.运行测试

Run Application，你将看到如下的输出：

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.4.5.RELEASE)

2017-04-05 14:08:35.456  INFO 93948 --- [           main] com.femon.Application                    : Starting Application on jacks-MacBook-Air.local with PID 93948 (/Users/jack/book/femon/target/classes started by jack in /Users/jack/book/femon)
2017-04-05 14:08:35.466  INFO 93948 --- [           main] com.femon.Application                    : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-04-05 14:08:35.742  INFO 93948 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@36c88a32: startup date [Wed Apr 05 14:08:35 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-04-05 14:08:37.996  INFO 93948 --- [           main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration' of type [org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$e6b9fa58] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-04-05 14:08:38.673  INFO 93948 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 7001 (http)
2017-04-05 14:08:38.686  INFO 93948 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2017-04-05 14:08:38.687  INFO 93948 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.11
2017-04-05 14:08:38.811  INFO 93948 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-04-05 14:08:38.812  INFO 93948 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 3079 ms

.......

2017-04-05 14:08:45.135  INFO 93948 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.v.velocity.VelocityConfigurer    : ClasspathResourceLoader with name 'springMacro' added to configured VelocityEngine
2017-04-05 14:08:45.471  INFO 93948 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-04-05 14:08:45.486  INFO 93948 --- [           main] s.a.ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor : No TaskScheduler/ScheduledExecutorService bean found for scheduled processing
2017-04-05 14:08:45.576  INFO 93948 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 7001 (http)
2017-04-05 14:08:45.582  INFO 93948 --- [           main] com.femon.Application                    : Started Application in 11.253 seconds (JVM running for 12.373)

访问：http://localhost:7001/

系统运行效果图：

首页

创建服务

服务列表

服务详情

源代码：https://github.com/EasySpringBoot/femon

7.4 Spring Boot集成freemarker模板

与JSP相比，FreeMarker的一个优点在于不能轻易突破模板语言开始编写Java代码，因此降低了领域逻辑漏进视图层的危险几率。

本节我们给出一个SpringBoot集成freemarker模板引擎的Demo，基于gradle构建。

1.添加spring-boot-starter-freemarker依赖到pom中

buildscript {
    ext {
        springBootVersion = '1.5.2.RELEASE'
    }
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}


dependencies {
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-freemarker')
    testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

2.写后端Controller

package com.example.controller;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;

import com.example.biz.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

/**
 * Created by jack on 2017/4/5.
 */
@Controller
public class WelcomeController {

    @Value("${application.message:Hello,World}")
    private String message = "Hello,World";

    @Autowired
    BookService bookService;

    @GetMapping("/welcome")
    public String welcome(Map<String, Object> model) {
        model.put("time", new Date());
        model.put("message", this.message);
        model.put("books", bookService.findAll());
        return "welcome";
    }

}

3.写前端ftl代码

 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<body>
Date: ${time?date}
<br>
Time: ${time?time}
<br>
Message: ${message}
<div>
    <#list books as book>
        <li>书名： ${book.name}</li>
        <li>作者： ${book.author}</li>
        <li>出版社： ${book.press}</li>
    </#list>
</div>
</body>

</html>

4.运行测试

运行DemoApplication, 我们将看到如下日志：

2017-04-05 22:05:06.020  INFO 98366 --- [           main] com.example.DemoApplication              : Starting DemoApplication on jacks-MacBook-Air.local with PID 98366 (/Users/jack/book/demo/build/classes/main started by jack in /Users/jack/book/demo)

......

o.s.w.s.v.f.FreeMarkerConfigurer         : ClassTemplateLoader for Spring macros added to FreeMarker configuration
2017-04-05 22:05:08.848  INFO 98366 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-04-05 22:05:08.911  INFO 98366 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 5678 (http)
2017-04-05 22:05:08.931  INFO 98366 --- [           main] com.example.DemoApplication              : Started DemoApplication in 3.37 seconds (JVM running for 4.017)
2017-04-05 22:25:02.870  INFO 98366 --- [nio-5678-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2017-04-05 22:25:02.872  INFO 98366 --- [nio-5678-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2017-04-05 22:25:02.902  INFO 98366 --- [nio-5678-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 30 ms

浏览器访问：http://localhost:5678/welcome
我们将看到如下输出：

freemarker demo

本节工程源码：https://github.com/EasySpringBoot/HelloWorld/tree/freemarker_demo_2017.4.6

《Spring Boot极简教程》第7章 Spring Boot集成模板引擎

第7章 Spring Boot集成模板引擎

7.1 Spring Boot集成jsp模板

7.2 Spring Boot集成thymeleaf模板

7.3 Spring Boot集成velocity模板

7.4 Spring Boot集成freemarker模板

7.5 Spring Boot集成groovy模板

热门文章

最新文章

相关课程

相关电子书

相关实验场景

热门

活动广场

任务中心

开发者评测

高校计划

乘风者计划

训练营

阿里云MVP

话题

直播

下载

镜像站

技术资料

插件

《Spring Boot极简教程》第7章 Spring Boot集成模板引擎

第7章 Spring Boot集成模板引擎

7.1 Spring Boot集成jsp模板

7.2 Spring Boot集成thymeleaf模板

7.3 Spring Boot集成velocity模板

7.4 Spring Boot集成freemarker模板

7.5 Spring Boot集成groovy模板

热门文章

最新文章

相关课程

相关电子书

相关实验场景