LAMP & LNMP
LAMP = Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP
LNMP = Linux + Nginx + MySQL + PHP
流行，免费，开源，轻量
Linux VS Windows: 完全免费，稳定高效
MySQL: 关系型数据库
Apache：Web服务器软件
监听端口，接收请求，解析HTTP协议，转发给PHP
Nginx 服务器软件
Apache & Nginx：前景更好，配置轻松，性能更优
Apache： select轮询机制
Nginx： epoll事件监听机制
编译安装
./configure # 编译前准备 make # 编译 make install # 安装
安装依赖软件
yum install -y vim wget gcc gcc++ libxml2-devel
编译安装php
1、下载
https://www.php.net/downloads.php
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.11.tar.gz tar -zxvf php-7.3.11.tar.gz cd php-7.3.11
2、编译安装
启用支持FPM FastCGI
https://www.php.net/manual/zh/install.fpm.install.php
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --enable-fpm make && make install
CGI 公共网关接口，一个协议 fork子进程，处理完释放
FastCGI 语言无关，解释器子进程常驻在内存
FPM PHP扩展
$ php -r "phpinfo();"
MySQL
1、下载
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
source code
-> Generic Linux (Architecture Independent), Compressed TAR Archive
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.18.tar.gz
2、安装依赖
yum install -y cmake gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl-Data-Dumper boost boost-doc boost-devel
3、安装
cmake \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DWITH_DEBUG=0 \ -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 \ -DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled \ -DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled make && make install
4、启动使用
mysqld mysql
Apache
1、下载
依赖：apr apr-util pcre
wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.41.tar.gz tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.41.tar.gz cd httpd-2.4.41
2、编译安装（配置必要的参数略）
./configure make && make install
3、启动
apachetcl -k start
开放80端口sudo
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port80/tcp --permanent systemctl restart firewalld.service
Nginx
1、下载
http://nginx.org/en/download.html
# 下载 wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz # 安装 pcre url重写功能 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre=/pcre make && make install # 启动 ./nginx
工作方式
请求 <-> Nginx <-> PHP-FPM
配置
location ~ \.php { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }
配置php-fpm
php-fpm.conf
pm = dynamic 设置动态解析 pm.max_children = 5 最大可以启动多少进程 pm.start_servers = 2 默认启动几个进程
配置Nginx
nginx.conf
worker_processes 1; (启动多少子进程)
重启
nginx -s reload
查看进程
ps aux|grep nginx
