场景还原：
初始化
#/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --datadir=/home/mysqldata
Installing MySQL system tables...
150205 11:48:00 [Note] Flashcache bypass: disabled
150205 11:48:00 [Note] Flashcache setup error is : ioctl failed
OK
Filling help tables...
150205 11:48:00 [Note] Flashcache bypass: disabled
150205 11:48:00 [Note] Flashcache setup error is : ioctl failed
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/local/webserver/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/webserver/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h kooxoo17.ktep3.kuxun.cn password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/webserver/mysql//bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/ ; /usr/local/webserver/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql//mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /usr/local/webserver/mysql//scripts/mysqlbug script!
Percona recommends that all production deployments be protected with a support
contract (http://www.percona.com/mysql-suppport/) to ensure the highest uptime,
be eligible for hot fixes, and boost your team's productivity.
启动
#/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --datadir=/home/mysqldata &
[1] 29154
[root@kooxoo17 wuxy]# 150205 11:49:18 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
150205 11:49:18 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/mysqldata
150205 11:49:18 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
查看日志/var/log/mysqld.log
150205 11:53:19 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/mysqldata
150205 11:53:19 [Note] Flashcache bypass: disabled
150205 11:53:19 [Note] Flashcache setup error is : ioctl failed
150205 11:53:19 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
150205 11:53:19 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
150205 11:53:19 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
150205 11:53:19 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
150205 11:53:19 Percona XtraDB (http://www.percona.com) 1.0.15-12.5 started; log sequence number 45356
150205 11:53:19 [ERROR] /usr/local/webserver/mysql/libexec/mysqld: unknown variable 'defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf'
150205 11:53:19 [ERROR] Aborting
150205 11:53:19 InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
150205 11:53:20 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 45356
150205 11:53:20 [Note] /usr/local/webserver/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete
150205 11:53:20 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
原因是:
要使用指定的my.cnf,而不用默认的/etc/my.cnf文件，可以在启动时，在mysqld_safe后加上参数--default-file=/usr/local/server/mysql2/etc/my.cnf，但是要注意的是，主参数必须紧接着mysqld_safe后面，如果做第二个或者第二个以后的参数加入时，则会出现如下类似错误错误：
/usr/local/server/mysql/libexec/mysqld: unknown variable 'defaults-file=/usr/local/server/mysql2/etc/my.cnf' 且服务无法启动！
这是mysql的一个bug！
本文转自Tenderrain 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/tenderrain/1611941，如需转载请自行联系原作者
