帐号池功能都有什么体现？

什么是账号池？


为了解决一些应用的账号体系只能单点登录的问题（多人登录相同账号会互踢，比如“手机淘宝”），我们提供了账号池功能。所谓账号池，实际就是要求用户在测试单点登录的APP时，需要提供多个不同的测试账号。在提交账号时，用户需要注意一下几点：

1. 
   同一单点登录的账号体系下的相同的账号不能同时在两个任务任务中提交。 用户在一个任务中提交了账号A和账号B，在这个任务执行完毕之前，不能再用账号A和账号B提交其他需要登录得任务。以防止两个任务在执行过程中，互相干扰。
2. 
   单个任务中，您提交的账号个数越多，执行的速度将会越快。

Robotium脚本使用账号池


在之前的 如何 编写Robotium脚本 这个文档中，我们知道在命令行里启动测试的命令：
adb shell am instrument -w com.jayway.test.test/android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner
其中，android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner是用来启动测试的。事实上，InstrumentationTestRunner远非启动测试这么简单。它负责 加载测试用例、准备测试环境（setup）、执行测试用例（run）、测试完成后的清理（tear down）等一系列的内容。
在账号池的功能中，我们需要给测试脚本APK传入一些参数，这需要我们定制我们自己的testRunner，不再使用默认的android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner。

1. [backcolor=transparent]package[backcolor=transparent] com[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]alibaba[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]mqc[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]test[backcolor=transparent];
3. [backcolor=transparent]import[backcolor=transparent] android[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]os[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]Bundle[backcolor=transparent];
5. [backcolor=transparent]import[backcolor=transparent] android[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]test[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]InstrumentationTestRunner[backcolor=transparent];
7. [backcolor=transparent]public[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]class[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]MqcTestRunner[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]extends[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]InstrumentationTestRunner[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
9. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]private[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]String[backcolor=transparent] username [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]null[backcolor=transparent];
10. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]private[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]String[backcolor=transparent] password [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]null[backcolor=transparent];
12. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]@Override
13. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]public[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]void[backcolor=transparent] onCreate[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]Bundle[backcolor=transparent] arguments[backcolor=transparent])[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
14. [backcolor=transparent]            [backcolor=transparent]super[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]onCreate[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]arguments[backcolor=transparent]);
15. [backcolor=transparent]            [backcolor=transparent]if[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]arguments [backcolor=transparent]!=[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]null[backcolor=transparent])[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
16. [backcolor=transparent]                   [backcolor=transparent]if[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]arguments[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]containsKey[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]"username"[backcolor=transparent]))[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
17. [backcolor=transparent]                          username [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] arguments[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]getString[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]"username"[backcolor=transparent]);
18. [backcolor=transparent]                   [backcolor=transparent]}
20. [backcolor=transparent]                   [backcolor=transparent]if[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]arguments[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]containsKey[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]"password"[backcolor=transparent]))[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
21. [backcolor=transparent]                          password [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] arguments[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]getString[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]"password"[backcolor=transparent]);
22. [backcolor=transparent]                   [backcolor=transparent]}
23. [backcolor=transparent]            [backcolor=transparent]}
24. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]}
26. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]public[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]String[backcolor=transparent] getUsername[backcolor=transparent]()[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
27. [backcolor=transparent]            [backcolor=transparent]return[backcolor=transparent] username[backcolor=transparent];
28. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]}
30. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]public[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]String[backcolor=transparent] getPassword[backcolor=transparent]()[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
31. [backcolor=transparent]            [backcolor=transparent]return[backcolor=transparent] password[backcolor=transparent];
32. [backcolor=transparent]     [backcolor=transparent]}
33. [backcolor=transparent]}

之后，我们需要修改测试脚本APK的AndroidManifest.xml文件，使用我们定制后的TestRunner:

1. [backcolor=transparent]<?[backcolor=transparent]xml version[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"1.0"[backcolor=transparent] encoding[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"utf-8"[backcolor=transparent]?>
3. [backcolor=transparent]<manifest[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]xmlns:android[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
4. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]package[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"com.alibaba.mqc.test"
5. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]android:versionCode[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"1"
6. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]android:versionName[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"1.0"[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]>
8. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]<uses-sdk[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]android:minSdkVersion[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"14"[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]/>
10. [backcolor=transparent]      // 在这里使用我们定制的MqcTestRunner.
12. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]<instrumentation
13. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]android:name[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"com.alibaba.mqc.test.MqcTestRunner"
14. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]android:targetPackage[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"com.alibaba.mts.mtsdemoapp"[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]/>
16. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]<application
17. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]android:icon[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"@drawable/ic_launcher"
18. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]android:label[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"@string/app_name"[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]>
19. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]<uses-library[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]android:name[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"android.test.runner"[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]/>
20. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]</application>
22. [backcolor=transparent]</manifest>

然后，我们需要在TestCase中需要登录的时候，获取到传入的用户名和密码，并填写到输入控件中。具体方法如下：
最后，本地测试功能脚本时，可以通过如下命令进行测试， 比如用户名和密码都为admin， 则启动命令为：

1. [backcolor=transparent]public[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]void[backcolor=transparent] testLogin[backcolor=transparent]()[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]throws[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]Exception[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
3. [backcolor=transparent]// 启动之后，等待5s，UI界面稳定下来
4. [backcolor=transparent]solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]sleep[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]5000[backcolor=transparent]);
6. [backcolor=transparent]// 图例3.3.1：在文字“Tab4”上点击，进入登录页
7. [backcolor=transparent]solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]clickOnText[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]"Tab4"[backcolor=transparent]);
9. [backcolor=transparent]// Activity切换时，最好等待一会儿。否则，某些异步元素可能还没加载
10. [backcolor=transparent]solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]sleep[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]5000[backcolor=transparent]);
12. [backcolor=transparent]// 图例3.3.2：此Activity中只有两个EditText控件，索引0是用户名控件。
13. [backcolor=transparent]EditText[backcolor=transparent] user [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]getEditText[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]0[backcolor=transparent]);
15. [backcolor=transparent]// enterText用于向EditText控件中输入内容，用户名为TestRunner传入的参数
16. [backcolor=transparent]String[backcolor=transparent] username [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent](([backcolor=transparent]MqcTestRunner[backcolor=transparent])[backcolor=transparent]getInstrumentation[backcolor=transparent]()).[backcolor=transparent]getUsername[backcolor=transparent]();
17. [backcolor=transparent]solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]enterText[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]user[backcolor=transparent],[backcolor=transparent] username[backcolor=transparent]);
19. [backcolor=transparent]// 图例3.3.2：索引1是密码控件
20. [backcolor=transparent]EditText[backcolor=transparent] pwd [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]getEditText[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]1[backcolor=transparent]);
22. [backcolor=transparent]// 密码也是TestRunner传入的参数
23. [backcolor=transparent]String[backcolor=transparent] password [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent](([backcolor=transparent]MqcTestRunner[backcolor=transparent])[backcolor=transparent]getInstrumentation[backcolor=transparent]()).[backcolor=transparent]getPassword[backcolor=transparent]();
24. [backcolor=transparent]solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]enterText[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]pwd[backcolor=transparent],[backcolor=transparent] password[backcolor=transparent]);
26. [backcolor=transparent]// 点击包含“登录”文字的控件。如果Activity中包含多个“登录”，我们需要指定控件索引，像下面数字2。这个索引可能需要尝试几次获取。
27. [backcolor=transparent]solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]clickOnText[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]"登陆"[backcolor=transparent],[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]2[backcolor=transparent]);
29. [backcolor=transparent]// 图例3.3.3: 测试完成之后，等待5s结束。一般登录需要跟后台交互，这里的等待是这个目的。
30. [backcolor=transparent]solo[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]sleep[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]5000[backcolor=transparent]);
31. [backcolor=transparent]}

本地测试功能脚本时，可以通过如下命令进行测试， 比如用户名和密码都为admin， 则启动命令为：
adb shell am instrument -w -e username admin -e password admin com.alibaba.mqc.test/com.alibaba.mqc.test.MqcTestRunner

Appium脚本使用账号池


在使用Appium 脚本测试过程中，MQC平台会为您在desired_capabilities.py注入两个函数，分别用来获取用户名和密码，示例如下：

1. [backcolor=transparent]#!/usr/bin/env python
3. [backcolor=transparent]def[backcolor=transparent] get_desired_capabilities[backcolor=transparent]():
5. [backcolor=transparent]    desired_caps [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]{
6. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'platformName'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]'Android'[backcolor=transparent],
7. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'platformVersion'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]'4.0.4'[backcolor=transparent],
8. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'deviceName'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]'V889F'[backcolor=transparent],
9. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'appPackage'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]'com.alibaba.mts.mtsdemoapp'[backcolor=transparent],
10. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'appWaitPackage'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]'com.alibaba.mts.mtsdemoapp'[backcolor=transparent],
11. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'app'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]"/tmp/task.apk"[backcolor=transparent],
12. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'newCommandTimeout'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]30[backcolor=transparent],
13. [backcolor=transparent]        [backcolor=transparent]'automationName'[backcolor=transparent]:[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]'Selendroid'
14. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]}
15. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]return[backcolor=transparent] desired_caps
17. [backcolor=transparent]def[backcolor=transparent] get_uri[backcolor=transparent]():
18. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]return[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]"http://localhost:666/wd/hub"
20. [backcolor=transparent]def[backcolor=transparent] get_username[backcolor=transparent]():
21. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]return[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]"admin"
23. [backcolor=transparent]def[backcolor=transparent] get_password[backcolor=transparent]():
24. [backcolor=transparent]    [backcolor=transparent]return[backcolor=transparent] [backcolor=transparent]"admin"

这样，我们就可以通过 get_username和get_password两个方法获取被分配的用户名和密码了。
用Appium Python脚本进行登录的示例：

1. [backcolor=transparent]from[backcolor=transparent] appium [backcolor=transparent]import[backcolor=transparent] webdriver
2. [backcolor=transparent]import[backcolor=transparent] desired_capabilities
3. [backcolor=transparent]import[backcolor=transparent] time
5. [backcolor=transparent]// 通过desired_capabilities.py获取本次测试的参数配置
6. [backcolor=transparent]desired_caps [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] desired_capabilities[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]get_desired_capabilities[backcolor=transparent]()
8. [backcolor=transparent]// 获取Appium Server的地址
9. [backcolor=transparent]uri [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] desired_capabilities[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]get_uri[backcolor=transparent]()
11. [backcolor=transparent]// 获取用户名
12. [backcolor=transparent]username [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] desired_capabilities[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]get_username[backcolor=transparent]()
14. [backcolor=transparent]// 获取密码
15. [backcolor=transparent]password [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] desired_capabilities[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]get_password[backcolor=transparent]()
17. [backcolor=transparent]// 初始化本次操作的会话（Session），构建连接。
18. [backcolor=transparent]driver [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] webdriver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]Remote[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]uri[backcolor=transparent],[backcolor=transparent] desired_caps[backcolor=transparent])
20. [backcolor=transparent]// 在手机的logcat中打印一条Tag为MQC-LOG-MASTER 的info日志：
21. [backcolor=transparent]// screenshot picName 用以发送截图消息。
22. [backcolor=transparent]driver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]shell[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]"log -p i -t MQC-LOG-MASTER screenshot"[backcolor=transparent])
24. [backcolor=transparent]// 找到id为tab_four_image的控件。
25. [backcolor=transparent]tab4 [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] driver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]find_element[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]value[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"tab_four_image"[backcolor=transparent])
27. [backcolor=transparent]// 点击tab_four_image的控件
28. [backcolor=transparent]tab4[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]click[backcolor=transparent]()
30. [backcolor=transparent]// 等待一会儿，让Activity切换完成。
31. [backcolor=transparent]time[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]sleep[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]3[backcolor=transparent])
33. [backcolor=transparent]// 找到id为login_user_edit的控件，是一个文本输入框控件
34. [backcolor=transparent]usernameInput [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] driver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]find_element[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]value[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"login_user_edit"[backcolor=transparent])
36. [backcolor=transparent]// 输入被分配的用户名
37. [backcolor=transparent]usernameInput[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]send_keys[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]username[backcolor=transparent])
40. [backcolor=transparent]// 找到id为login_password_edit的控件，是密码输入框控件
41. [backcolor=transparent]passwordInput [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] driver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]find_element[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]value[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"login_password_edit"[backcolor=transparent])
43. [backcolor=transparent]// 输入被分配的密码
44. [backcolor=transparent]passwordInput[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]send_keys[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]password[backcolor=transparent])
47. [backcolor=transparent]// 隐藏掉弹出的软键盘
48. [backcolor=transparent]driver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]hide_keyboard[backcolor=transparent]()
50. [backcolor=transparent]// 找到id为login_login_button的控件，登录按钮。
51. [backcolor=transparent]loginBtn [backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent] driver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]find_element[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]value[backcolor=transparent]=[backcolor=transparent]"login_login_button"[backcolor=transparent])
53. [backcolor=transparent]// 点击登录按钮
54. [backcolor=transparent]loginBtn[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]click[backcolor=transparent]()
56. [backcolor=transparent]// 等待3s与后台服务器通信完成
57. [backcolor=transparent]time[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]sleep[backcolor=transparent]([backcolor=transparent]3[backcolor=transparent])
59. [backcolor=transparent]// 结束本次会话（Session）
60. [backcolor=transparent]driver[backcolor=transparent].[backcolor=transparent]quit[backcolor=transparent]()