前言
在实际的开发或者线上环境中,一般都不仅仅是一个数据库走天下,而是根据业务进行拆分多个数据库,今天就来学习如何对springboot进行多数据源配置。
本文的工程基础是之前的项目工程,具体可以参考SpringBoot整合Redis使用教程。项目源码最后也会同步只github。地址在最后,欢迎下载star!
正文
数据库
首先准备下数据库:这里有两个数据库,一个是test数据库,里面有个user表,数据如下:
/* Source Server : testdb Source Host : localhost:3306 Source Database : test Target Server Type : MYSQL Date: 2021-12-09 10:51:21 */ DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID', `email` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '邮箱', `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码', `username` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `email` (`email`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of user -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', 'liqing@lol.com', '123456', '李青'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', 'daome@lol.com', '234567', '刀妹'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('3', 'yasuo@lol.com', '345678', '亚索'); 复制代码
接着有个spring_cache数据库,并且里面有个department表,数据如下:
/* Source Server : testdb Source Server Version : 50527 Source Host : localhost:3306 Source Database : spring_cache Date: 2021-12-09 11:32:16 */ SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`; CREATE TABLE `department` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `departmentName` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of department -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `department` VALUES ('1', '中路部门'); INSERT INTO `department` VALUES ('2', '打野部门'); INSERT INTO `department` VALUES ('3', '上路部门'); 复制代码
代码
首先需要在application.yml配置文件中配置两个数据源配置,分别为db1,b2,具体配置如下:
spring: application: name: share datasource: dynamic: primary: db1 # 配置默认数据库 db1: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=Asia/Chongqing&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&characterSetResults=utf8&useSSL=false&verifyServerCertificate=false&autoReconnct=true&autoReconnectForPools=true&allowMultiQueries=true username: root password: jiang driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver db2: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_cache?serverTimezone=Asia/Chongqing&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&characterSetResults=utf8&useSSL=false&verifyServerCertificate=false&autoReconnct=true&autoReconnectForPools=true&allowMultiQueries=true username: root password: jiang driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver 复制代码
因为这里采用的是之前工程的代码,所以关于另一个数据源相关的代码这里不贴了,这里主要写新增数据源的代码逻辑,之前的可以的参考之前的文章,或者github下载源码,地址贴在最后。
在bean文件夹下声明一个department实体类,如下:
public class Department { public Integer id; public String departmentName; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getDepartmentName() { return departmentName; } public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) { this.departmentName = departmentName; } public Department(Integer id, String departmentName) { this.id = id; this.departmentName = departmentName; } @Override public String toString() { return "Department{" + "id=" + id + ", departmentName='" + departmentName + '\'' + '}'; } } 复制代码
然后新增一个dao文件:
public interface DepartmentDao { /** * 根据查询数据 * */ @Select("select id,departmentName from department where id=#{id}") Department findById(@Param("id") int id); } 复制代码
service和serviceimpl如下:
public interface DepartmentService { //根据id查询部门 Department findByID(int id); } 复制代码
@Service public class DepartmentServiceImpl implements DepartmentService { @Autowired DepartmentDao departmentDao; @Override public Department findByID(int id) { return departmentDao.findById(id); } } 复制代码
然后就是controller:
@RestController @RequestMapping(value = "/do/department") public class DepartmentController { @Autowired DepartmentService departmentService; //根据用户名查询数据 @RequestMapping(value = "/dep", method = RequestMethod.GET) public Department department(@RequestParam(value = "id",required = true) int id){ return departmentService.findByID(id); } } 复制代码
最后写一个关于数据源的配置文件,具体如下:
@Configuration @MapperScan(basePackages = "com.springboot.springbootdemo.dao.db1",sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db1SqlSessionFactory") public class DB1DataSourceConfig { static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:/mapping/db1/*.xml"; @Bean("db1DataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db1") public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean("db1SqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); bean.setDataSource(dataSource); bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_LOCATION)); return bean.getObject(); } @Bean("db1SqlSessionTemplate") public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db1SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){ return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); } } 复制代码
@Configuration @MapperScan(basePackages ="com.springboot.springbootdemo.dao.db2",sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db2SqlSessionFactory") public class DB2DataSourceConfig { static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:/mapping/db2/*.xml"; @Bean("db2DataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db2") public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean("db2SqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); bean.setDataSource(dataSource); bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_LOCATION)); return bean.getObject(); } @Bean("db2SqlSessionTemplate") public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){ return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); } } 复制代码
测试
以上步骤完毕之后进行测试,启动项目成功之后,首先在地址栏输入:
http://localhost:8081/share/do/user/userAll 复制代码
查询db1数据库的数据,结果如下:
接着查询db2数据库的数据,地址栏输入:
http://localhost:8081/share/do/department/dep?id=1 复制代码
结果如下:
可见通过以上配置,能够实现springboot的多数据源配置效果。
总结
springboot配置多数据源其实很简单,首先在application配置文件中配置多个数据源的配置,然后有几个数据源就写几个数据源的配置类即可。本项目的工程结构如下:
最后resource文件夹下的mapping文件下的*.Mapper.xml,可以没有具体的逻辑,但是结构文件得有,不然会报错。在数据源的配置类中的MAPPER_LOCATION有使用到!
如有任何问题或者不对的地方欢迎一起交流讨论学习!