前言：下载几个国内yum源和epel源即可完成大部分软件的安装，可省去大部分时间
1.首先进入/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下，新建一个repo_bak目录，用于保存系统中原来的repo文件
[root@caq ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@caq yum.repos.d]# mkdir repo_bak [root@caq yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo repo_bak/
2.在CentOS中配置使用网易和阿里的开源镜像 到网易和阿里开源镜像站点下载系统对应版本的repo文件
[root@caq yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo [root@caq yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo [root@caq yum.repos.d]# ls Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base-163.repo repo.bak
3.清除系统yum缓存并生成新的yum缓存
[root@caq yum.repos.d]# ls # 列出/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下的文件 Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base-163.repo repo.bak [root@caq yum.repos.d]# yum clean all # 清除系统所有的yum缓存 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration Cleaning repos: base extras updates Cleaning up everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors [root@caq yum.repos.d]# yum makecache # 生成yum缓存 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/12): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:02 (2/12): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00:02 (3/12): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.5 MB 00:00:01 (4/12): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.7 MB 00:00:02 (5/12): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 51 kB 00:00:01 (6/12): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 494 kB 00:00:02 (7/12): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 86 kB 00:00:00 (8/12): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 130 kB 00:00:01 (9/12): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 406 kB 00:00:01 (10/12): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 2.1 MB 00:00:01 (11/12): updates/7/x86_64/other_db | 354 kB 00:00:00 (12/12): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.6 MB 00:00:01 Determining fastest mirrors Metadata Cache Created
4.安装epel源
[root@caq yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep epel-release Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration epel-release.noarch 7-9 extras [root@caq yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-9 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================= Installing: epel-release noarch 7-9 extras 14 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================= Install 1 Package Total download size: 14 k Installed size: 24 k Downloading packages: epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : epel-release-7-9.noarch 1/1 Verifying : epel-release-7-9.noarch 1/1 Installed: epel-release.noarch 0:7-9 Complete! [root@caq yum.repos.d]# ls # epel源安装成功，比原来多了一个epel.repo和epel-testing.repo文件 Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base-163.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo repo.bak
5.使用阿里开源镜像提供的epel源
[root@caq yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo # 下载阿里开源镜像的epel源文件 --2018-03-08 20:22:14-- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 183.2.199.237, 113.96.109.95, 113.96.109.93, ... Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|183.2.199.237|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 1084 (1.1K) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’ 100%[=================================================================================================>] 1,084 --.-K/s in 0s 2018-03-08 20:22:14 (130 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’ saved [1084/1084] [root@caq yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS7-Base-163.repo Centos-7.repo epel-7.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo repo_bak
6.再次清除系统yum缓存，并重新生成新的yum缓存
[root@caq yum.repos.d]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates Cleaning up everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors [root@caq yum.repos.d]# yum makecache Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/18): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00:01 (2/18): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:07 (3/18): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.7 MB 00:00:06 (4/18): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 266 kB 00:00:01 (5/18): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 899 kB 00:00:02 (6/18): epel/x86_64/prestodelta | 7.1 kB 00:00:00 (7/18): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.5 MB 00:00:05 (8/18): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.3 MB 00:00:04 (9/18): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 636 kB 00:00:00 (10/18): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 166 kB 00:00:00 (11/18): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 108 kB 00:00:00 (12/18): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 102 kB 00:00:01 (13/18): epel/x86_64/other_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:01 (14/18): epel/x86_64/filelists_db | 10 MB 00:00:09 (15/18): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 3.5 MB 00:00:02 (16/18): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 771 kB 00:00:02 (17/18): updates/7/x86_64/other_db | 621 kB 00:00:00 (18/18): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:00:03 Determining fastest mirrors * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com Metadata Cache Created
7. 测试安装
[root@caq yum.repos.d]# yum install -y nginx Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Package 1:nginx-1.20.1-2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do
