语法
SET NAMES {'charset_name' [COLLATE 'collation_name'] | DEFAULT}
其中，charset_name和collation_name可不加引号，当用户给出collation_name时，字符序也将被设置为给定值。
示例
mysql> SHOW SESSION VARIABLES LIKE 'character\_set\_%'; +--------------------------+---------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | +--------------------------+---------+ 7 rows in set (0.03 sec) mysql> SET NAMES gb18030 COLLATE gb18030_chinese_ci; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> SHOW SESSION VARIABLES LIKE 'character\_set\_%'; +--------------------------+---------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------+ | character_set_client | gb18030 | | character_set_connection | gb18030 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | gb18030 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | +--------------------------+---------+ 7 rows in set (0.02 sec)
