文章目录
9. 三子棋
类似于之前的猜数字小游戏,我们需要先把整个游戏的大体结构在主函数中实现出来:
//test.c #include <stdio.h> void menu() { printf("*****************************\n"); printf("******** 1. play *********\n"); printf("******** 0. exit *********\n"); printf("*****************************\n"); } int main() { int input = 0; do { menu(); printf("请选择:>"); scanf("%d", &input);//1 0 4 switch (input) { case 1: game(); break; case 0: printf("退出游戏\n"); break; default: printf("选择错误,重新选择!\n"); break; } } while (input); return 0; }
接下来,我们需要对游戏内容进行具体地实现:
- 初始化棋盘
棋盘上一开始什么都没有,说明里面放的都是空格
//test.c #include "game.h" void game() { char board[3][3] = { 0 }; InitBoard(board, 3, 3); }
在game.h中对函数进行声明
//game.h //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[3][3], int row, int col);
这里我们思考一下:如果我们不想玩三子棋,而想玩四子棋,那么我们是不是需要把所有是3的地方全部改成4,这样就太繁琐了,那么要如何解决呢?
//game.h #define ROW 3 #define COL 3 //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//test.c #include "game.h" void game() { char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 }; InitBoard(board, ROW, COL); }
在game.c中对函数进行定义
//game.c #include "game.h" //初始化棋盘为空格 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { board[i][j] = ' '; } } }
- 打印棋盘
//test.c #include "game.h" void game() { char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 }; InitBoard(board, ROW, COL); //打印棋盘 DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); }
//game.h #define ROW 3 #define COL 3 //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //打印棋盘 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
因为在game.c中实现打印棋盘,要引用头文件stdio.h,而test.c中也需要引用stdio.h;同时,test.c和game.c又都引用了game.h,所以我们可以直接在game.h中引用stdio.h
//game.h #include <stdio.h> #define ROW 3 #define COL 3 //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //打印棋盘 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c #include "game.h" //版本一 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { printf("%c", board[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } }
以上打印方法打印出来屏幕上什么也没有,这是因为我们打印的是空格,所以我们还需要加一下分界线
//game.c #include "game.h" //版本2 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { //1. 打印数据 printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[i][0], board[i][1], board[i][2]); //2. 打印分割线 if (i < row - 1) { printf("---|---|---\n"); } } }
以上打印方法不具有普适性,如果改变行和列,打印出来的棋盘就不对了
//game.c #include "game.h" //版本3 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { //1. 打印数据 int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { printf(" %c ", board[i][j]); if (j < col - 1) { printf("|"); } } printf("\n"); //2. 打印分割线 if (i < row - 1) { //printf("---|---|---\n"); int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { printf("---"); if (j < col - 1) { printf("|"); } } printf("\n"); } } }
- 玩家下棋
//test.c #include "game.h" void game() { char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 }; InitBoard(board, ROW, COL); //打印棋盘 DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //下棋 //玩家下棋 PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL); DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); }
//game.h #include <stdio.h> #define ROW 3 #define COL 3 //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //打印棋盘 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //玩家下棋 void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c #include "game.h" void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int x = 0; int y = 0; printf("玩家下棋>:\n"); while (1) { printf("请输入下棋的坐标,中间使用空格>:"); scanf("%d %d", &x, &y); //坐标合法 if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col) { if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1])//可以落子 { board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*'; break; } else { printf("坐标被占有,不能落子,重新输入坐标\n"); } } else//非法 { printf("坐标非法,重新输入\n"); } } }
- 电脑下棋
我们先让玩家和电脑一直下棋
//test.c #include "game.h" void game() { char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 }; InitBoard(board, ROW, COL); //打印棋盘 DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //下棋 while (1) { //玩家下棋 PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL); DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //电脑下棋 ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL); DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); } } int main() { srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); return 0; }
//game.h #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #define ROW 3 #define COL 3 //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //打印棋盘 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //玩家下棋 void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //电脑下棋 void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c #include "game.h" //电脑随机下棋 void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int x = 0;//0~row-1 int y = 0;//0~col-1 printf("电脑下棋>:\n"); while (1) { x = rand() % row; y = rand() % col; if (' ' == board[x][y]) { board[x][y] = '#'; break; } } }
- 判断输赢
玩家赢 - ‘*’
电脑赢 - ‘#’
平局 - ‘Q’
继续 - ‘C’
//test.c #include "game.h" void game() { char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 }; InitBoard(board, ROW, COL); //打印棋盘 DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //下棋 char ret = 0; while (1) { //玩家下棋 PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL); DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //判断输赢 ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL); if (ret != 'C') { break; } //电脑下棋 ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL); DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //判断输赢 ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL); if (ret != 'C') { break; } } if ('*' == ret) { printf("玩家赢\n"); } else if ('#' == ret) { printf("电脑赢\n"); } else { printf("平局\n"); } }
//game.h #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #define ROW 3 #define COL 3 //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //打印棋盘 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //玩家下棋 void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //电脑下棋 void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //判断输赢 //玩家赢 - '*' //电脑赢 - '#' //平局 - 'Q' //继续 - 'C' char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c #include "game.h" int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { if (' ' == board[i][j]) { return 0; } } } return 1; } //版本一 char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { //赢 //行 int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { if ((board[i][0]==board[i][1]) && (board[i][1]==board[i][2]) && (board[i][0]!=' ')) { return board[i][0]; } } //列 for (i = 0; i < col; i++) { if ((board[0][i]==board[1][i]) && (board[1][i]==board[2][i]) && (board[0][i]!=' ')) { return board[0][i]; } } //对角线 if ((board[0][0]==board[1][1]) && (board[1][1]==board[2][2]) && (board[1][1]!=' ')) { return board[1][1]; } if ((board[0][2]==board[1][1]) && (board[1][1]==board[2][0]) && (board[1][1]!=' ')) { return board[1][1]; } //平局 if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col)) { return 'Q'; } //继续 return 'C'; }
以上写法也不具有普适性
//game.c #include "game.h" int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { if (' ' == board[i][j]) { return 0; } } } return 1; } //版本二 char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { //赢 //行 int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; int count = 0; for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++) { if ((board[i][j] != ' ') && (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1])) { count++; } } if ((col - 1) == count) { return board[i][0]; } } //列 for (i = 0; i < col; i++) { int j = 0; int count = 0; for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++) { if ((board[j][i] != ' ') && (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i])) { count++; } } if ((row - 1) == count) { return board[0][i]; } } //对角线 int count = 0; for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++) { if ((board[i][i]!=' ') && (board[i][i]==board[i + 1][i + 1])) { count++; } } if ((row - 1) == count) { return board[0][0]; } count = 0; for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++) { if ((board[i][col-1-i]!=' ') && (board[i][col-1-i]==board[i+1][col-2-i])) { count++; } } if ((row-1) == count) { return board[0][col - 1]; } //平局 if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col)) { return 'Q'; } //继续 return 'C'; }
以下为完整代码:
//game.h #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #define ROW 3 #define COL 3 //初始化棋盘 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //打印棋盘 void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //玩家下棋 void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //电脑下棋 void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col); //判断输赢 //玩家赢 - '*' //电脑赢 - '#' //平局 - 'Q' //继续 - 'C' char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c #include "game.h" //初始化棋盘为空格 void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { board[i][j] = ' '; } } } void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { //1. 打印数据 int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { printf(" %c ", board[i][j]); if (j < col - 1) { printf("|"); } } printf("\n"); //2. 打印分割线 if (i < row - 1) { //printf("---|---|---\n"); int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { printf("---"); if (j < col - 1) { printf("|"); } } printf("\n"); } } } void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int x = 0; int y = 0; printf("玩家下棋>:\n"); while (1) { printf("请输入下棋的坐标,中间使用空格>:"); scanf("%d %d", &x, &y); //坐标合法 if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col) { if (' ' == board[x - 1][y - 1])//可以落子 { board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*'; break; } else { printf("坐标被占有,不能落子,重新输入坐标\n"); } } else//非法 { printf("坐标非法,重新输入\n"); } } } //电脑随机下棋 void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int x = 0;//0~row-1 int y = 0;//0~col-1 printf("电脑下棋>:\n"); while (1) { x = rand() % row; y = rand() % col; if (' ' == board[x][y]) { board[x][y] = '#'; break; } } } int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { if (' ' == board[i][j]) { return 0; } } } return 1; } char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) { //赢 //行 int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { int j = 0; int count = 0; for (j = 0; j < col - 1; j++) { if ((board[i][j] != ' ') && (board[i][j] == board[i][j + 1])) { count++; } } if ((col - 1) == count) { return board[i][0]; } } //列 for (i = 0; i < col; i++) { int j = 0; int count = 0; for (j = 0; j < row - 1; j++) { if ((board[j][i] != ' ') && (board[j][i] == board[j + 1][i])) { count++; } } if ((row - 1) == count) { return board[0][i]; } } //对角线 int count = 0; for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++) { if ((board[i][i]!=' ') && (board[i][i]==board[i + 1][i + 1])) { count++; } } if ((row - 1) == count) { return board[0][0]; } count = 0; for (i = 0; i < row - 1; i++) { if ((board[i][col-1-i]!=' ') && (board[i][col-1-i]==board[i+1][col-2-i])) { count++; } } if ((row-1) == count) { return board[0][col - 1]; } //平局 if (1 == IsFull(board, row, col)) { return 'Q'; } //继续 return 'C'; }
//test.c #include "game.h" void menu() { printf("*****************************\n"); printf("******** 1. play *********\n"); printf("******** 0. exit *********\n"); printf("*****************************\n"); } void game() { char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 }; InitBoard(board, ROW, COL); //打印棋盘 DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //下棋 char ret = 0; while (1) { //玩家下棋 PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL); DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //判断输赢 ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL); if (ret != 'C') { break; } //电脑下棋 ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL); DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL); //判断输赢 ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL); if (ret != 'C') { break; } } if ('*' == ret) { printf("玩家赢\n"); } else if ('#' == ret) { printf("电脑赢\n"); } else { printf("平局\n"); } } int main() { int input = 0; srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); do { menu(); printf("请选择:>"); scanf("%d", &input);//1 0 4 switch (input) { case 1: game(); break; case 0: printf("退出游戏\n"); break; default: printf("选择错误,重新选择!\n"); break; } } while (input); return 0; }