1、基本概念
窗口 Stage -场景 Scene -布局 stackPane -控件 Button
2、最小框架代码
创建命令行应用
package com.company;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class HelloWorld extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}
对就是啥都没有，空白的窗体
3、控件布局
package com.company;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class Main extends Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
// 实例化按钮
Button button = new Button("这是按钮上的文字");
// 创建布局控件
StackPane stackPane = new StackPane();
// 将button添加到布局
stackPane.getChildren().add(button);
// 创建场景 宽=400 高=400
Scene scene = new Scene(stackPane, 400, 400);
// 将场景添加到窗口
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
// 显示窗口
primaryStage.show();
}
}
4、事件添加
Main.java
package com.company;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class Main extends Application implements EventHandler<MouseEvent> {
private Button button;
public static void main(String[] args) {
// write your code here
// System.out.println("你好");
launch(args);
}
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
// 实例化按钮
button = new Button("这是按钮");
// 1、添加按钮点击事件， this.handle 处理事件
// button.setOnMouseClicked(this);
// 2、使用单独实现的类 事件监听
// button.setOnMouseClicked(new MyMouseEvent());
// 3、使用匿名类添加事件监听
button.setOnMouseClicked(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
System.out.println("鼠标点击按钮了");
}
});
// 4、jdk 8 使用简写执行一条输出
button.setOnMouseClicked(e -> System.out.println("简写的监听事件"));
// 5、同时输出多条
button.setOnMouseClicked(e -> {
System.out.println("简写的监听事件1");
System.out.println("简写的监听事件2");
});
// 创建布局控件
StackPane stackPane = new StackPane();
// 将button添加到布局
stackPane.getChildren().add(button);
// 创建场景
Scene scene = new Scene(stackPane, 400, 400);
// 给场景添加事件处理的对象
// scene.setOnMousePressed(this);
scene.setOnMousePressed(new MySceneMouseEvent());
// 将场景添加到窗口
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
// 显示窗口
primaryStage.show();
}
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
// event.getSource() 获取事件对象
if (event.getSource() == button) {
System.out.println("点击了按钮");
} else {
System.out.println("点击了场景");
}
}
}
MyMouseEvent.java 处理鼠标点击事件的类
package com.company;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
public class MyMouseEvent implements EventHandler<MouseEvent> {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
System.out.println("MyMouseEvent click");
}
}
MySceneMouseEvent.java 处理场景点击事件的类
package com.company;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
public class MySceneMouseEvent implements EventHandler<MouseEvent> {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent event) {
System.out.println("场景鼠标点击");
}
}
5、场景切换
package com.company;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class SceneChange extends Application {
Scene scene1, scene2;
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
// 场景1
Button button1 = new Button("场景1 的button");
// 事件监听 点击后切换到场景2
button1.setOnMouseClicked(e -> {
primaryStage.setScene(scene2);
});
VBox vBox = new VBox();
vBox.getChildren().add(button1);
scene1 = new Scene(vBox, 400, 400);
// 场景2
Button button2 = new Button("场景2 的button");
// 事件监听 点击后切换到场景1
button2.setOnMouseClicked(e -> {
primaryStage.setScene(scene1);
});
StackPane stackPane = new StackPane();
stackPane.getChildren().add(button2);
scene2 = new Scene(stackPane, 400, 400);
primaryStage.setScene(scene1);
primaryStage.show();
}
}
6、窗体切换
Main.java
package com.company;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class Main extends Application {
private Stage stage;
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
stage = primaryStage;
// 窗口点击叉号关闭询问
stage.setOnCloseRequest(event -> {
event.consume(); // 消除默认事件
handleClose();
});
// 布局
Button button = new Button("关闭窗口");
// 鼠标点击关闭窗口
button.setOnMouseClicked(event -> handleClose());
VBox vBox = new VBox();
vBox.getChildren().add(button);
Scene scene = new Scene(vBox, 400, 400);
stage.setScene(scene);
stage.show();
}
public void handleClose() {
// 接收窗体返回值
boolean ret = WindowAlert.display("关闭窗口", "是否关闭窗口？");
System.out.println(ret);
if (ret) {
stage.close();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}
WindowAlert.java
package com.company;
import javafx.geometry.Pos;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Modality;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class WindowAlert {
public static boolean answer;
/**
* @param title 标题
* @param msg 消息
*/
public static boolean display(String title, String msg) {
// 创建舞台
Stage stage = new Stage();
// 设置显示模式
stage.initModality(Modality.APPLICATION_MODAL);
stage.setTitle(title);
// 创建控件
Button buttonYes = new Button("是");
buttonYes.setOnMouseClicked(event -> {
answer = true;
stage.close();
});
Button buttonNo = new Button("否");
buttonNo.setOnMouseClicked(event -> {
answer = false;
stage.close();
});
Label label = new Label(msg);
// 创建布局
VBox vBox = new VBox();
vBox.getChildren().addAll(label, buttonYes, buttonNo);
vBox.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER); // 布局居中显示
// 创建场景
Scene scene = new Scene(vBox, 200, 200);
// 显示舞台
stage.setScene(scene);
// stage.show();
stage.showAndWait(); // 等待窗体关闭才继续
// 窗体返回值
return answer;
}
}
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