第一步、创建腾讯云产品和设备
浏览器搜索【腾讯云】，进入腾讯云官网，微信注册登录
点击【产品】搜索【物联网开发平台】，点击【管理控制台】
在实例管理中点击【公共实例】
点击【新建项目】
填写自己的项目名称，点击【保存】
点击刚新建的项目
点击【新建产品】
输入自己定义的【产品名称】，【产品类别】选智慧城市->公共事业->路灯照明，【通信设备】填wi-fi，其他的默认，点击【确定】
点击自己刚新建的产品名称
下拉到最后点击【下一步】
点击【基于模组开发】，产品平台选择【乐鑫】，类型选择【wifi】，点击【乐鑫ESP-WROOM-】点击【确定】
下拉到最后，点击【下一步】
点击【产品展示配置】右侧的【配置】
【产品展示名称】填写自己自定义的名称，【厂家名称】填安信可，【产品信号】填esp32,点击【保存】，上拉点击【<-】返回
点击【快捷入口配置】右侧的【配置】，默认不修改，点击【保存】，上拉点击【<-】返回
点击【面板配置】右侧的【配置】，默认不修改，点击【保存】，点击【<-】返回
点击【配网引导】右侧的【配置】，【芯片方案选择】选择乐鑫，【首选配网方式】选择Smart Config,【次配网方式】选择Soft Ap,点击；【保存】，点击【<-】返回
点击【扫一扫产品介绍】右侧的【配置】，默认不修改，点击【保存】，点击【<-】返回
点击【智能联动配置】右侧的【配置】，默认不修改，点击保存，点击【<-】返回
点击【下一步】
点击【新建设备】，自定义【设备名称】，点击【保存】
点击【二维码】，用手机微信小程序【腾讯连连】扫码添加设备
此时设备已经创建完成，但是设备还未激活，需要后面的的操作连接才可激活
第二步：生成Username和Password
点击【设备调试】，点击【设备名称】
复制保存设备信息三件套：设备名称、产品ID、设备密钥
后面生成MOTT协议中的Username和Password需要用到
打开password生成工具，在文件夹里有给出，点击【sign.html】
输入刚刚复制的设备信息三件套，Hmac签名算法选择【HMAC-SHA1】，点击【Generate】，即可生成Usename和Password,复制保存，后面esp32连接腾讯云和 MQTTfx模拟的客户端连接腾讯云需要用到
第三步：MQTTfx模拟客户端连接腾讯云步骤与调试（非必须步骤）
打开MQTT.fx软件，我的压缩包里面有，点击下图的齿轮图形，进入设置
【Profile name】:自定义的名字
【Profile Type】:选择【MQTT Broker】
【Broker Address】:腾讯云三件套中的产品ID+.iotcloud.tencentdevices.com
如我的腾讯云ID为：D89S2VVAFT，
那么Broker Address为：D89S2VVAFT.iotcloud.tencentdevices.com
Broker Port:1883
【Client ID】:腾讯云产品ID+腾讯云设备名称+|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacsha1|
例如我的腾讯云产品ID为：D89S2VVAFT，腾讯云产品名称为：esp_led
则Client ID为：D89S2VVAFTesp_led|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacsha1|
填写这些数据完毕后，点击【User Credentlals】
User Name和Password填写第二步生成的，每个人的都不一样
【User Name】:D89S2VVAFTesp_led;12010126;CU7SQ;1660090317
【Password】:cd6c31a3d4cfdba2759deab02fb831a0f672e008;hmacsha1
点击【OK】保存
点击【Connect】连接腾讯云
MQTT.fx模拟的客户端连接腾讯云成功后可以看到右边的原点变绿，并且有个打开的所，
这时候我们就可以通过手机端小程序腾讯连连来给腾讯云发送消息，腾讯云再将此消息发送给MQTT.fx客户端，但是前提是MQTT.fx客户端需要订阅腾讯云，下面是订阅的步骤
点击【Subscribe】，Subscribe左边的空格填写格式为：
$thing/down/property/“腾讯云产品ID”/“腾讯云产品名称”
例如：$thing/down/property/D89S2VVAFT/esp_led
填写完成后，点击【Subscribe】，现在手机端腾讯练练发送消息，MQTT.fx可以收到消息了
可以看到MQTT.fx收到了消息，MQTT.fx只是模拟一个客户端接收消息，我们需要将我们的esp32模块替代MQTT.fx，这样我们就可以通过手机发送消息给腾讯云，腾讯云转发消息给esp32模块了，通过单片机对收到的数据处理，就可以通过手机端控制开发板的LED灯亮灭。
第四步、编写程序代码
首先需要用到MQTT的驱动代码，我在网上找到了一个用miropython写的驱动代码，大家可以直接复制使用，命名为umqttsimple.py即可，代码如下：
import usocket as socket import ustruct as struct from ubinascii import hexlify class MQTTException(Exception): pass class MQTTClient: def __init__( self, client_id, server, port=0, user=None, password=None, keepalive=0, ssl=False, ssl_params={}, ): if port == 0: port = 8883 if ssl else 1883 self.client_id = client_id self.sock = None self.server = server self.port = port self.ssl = ssl self.ssl_params = ssl_params self.pid = 0 self.cb = None self.user = user self.pswd = password self.keepalive = keepalive self.lw_topic = None self.lw_msg = None self.lw_qos = 0 self.lw_retain = False def _send_str(self, s): self.sock.write(struct.pack("!H", len(s))) self.sock.write(s) def _recv_len(self): n = 0 sh = 0 while 1: b = self.sock.read(1)[0] n |= (b & 0x7F) << sh if not b & 0x80: return n sh += 7 def set_callback(self, f): self.cb = f def set_last_will(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0): assert 0 <= qos <= 2 assert topic self.lw_topic = topic self.lw_msg = msg self.lw_qos = qos self.lw_retain = retain def connect(self, clean_session=True): self.sock = socket.socket() addr = socket.getaddrinfo(self.server, self.port)[0][-1] self.sock.connect(addr) if self.ssl: import ussl self.sock = ussl.wrap_socket(self.sock, **self.ssl_params) premsg = bytearray(b"\x10\0\0\0\0\0") msg = bytearray(b"\x04MQTT\x04\x02\0\0") sz = 10 + 2 + len(self.client_id) msg[6] = clean_session << 1 if self.user is not None: sz += 2 + len(self.user) + 2 + len(self.pswd) msg[6] |= 0xC0 if self.keepalive: assert self.keepalive < 65536 msg[7] |= self.keepalive >> 8 msg[8] |= self.keepalive & 0x00FF if self.lw_topic: sz += 2 + len(self.lw_topic) + 2 + len(self.lw_msg) msg[6] |= 0x4 | (self.lw_qos & 0x1) << 3 | (self.lw_qos & 0x2) << 3 msg[6] |= self.lw_retain << 5 i = 1 while sz > 0x7F: premsg[i] = (sz & 0x7F) | 0x80 sz >>= 7 i += 1 premsg[i] = sz self.sock.write(premsg, i + 2) self.sock.write(msg) # print(hex(len(msg)), hexlify(msg, ":")) self._send_str(self.client_id) if self.lw_topic: self._send_str(self.lw_topic) self._send_str(self.lw_msg) if self.user is not None: self._send_str(self.user) self._send_str(self.pswd) resp = self.sock.read(4) assert resp[0] == 0x20 and resp[1] == 0x02 if resp[3] != 0: raise MQTTException(resp[3]) return resp[2] & 1 def disconnect(self): self.sock.write(b"\xe0\0") self.sock.close() def ping(self): self.sock.write(b"\xc0\0") def publish(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0): pkt = bytearray(b"\x30\0\0\0") pkt[0] |= qos << 1 | retain sz = 2 + len(topic) + len(msg) if qos > 0: sz += 2 assert sz < 2097152 i = 1 while sz > 0x7F: pkt[i] = (sz & 0x7F) | 0x80 sz >>= 7 i += 1 pkt[i] = sz # print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":")) self.sock.write(pkt, i + 1) self._send_str(topic) if qos > 0: self.pid += 1 pid = self.pid struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 0, pid) self.sock.write(pkt, 2) self.sock.write(msg) if qos == 1: while 1: op = self.wait_msg() if op == 0x40: sz = self.sock.read(1) assert sz == b"\x02" rcv_pid = self.sock.read(2) rcv_pid = rcv_pid[0] << 8 | rcv_pid[1] if pid == rcv_pid: return elif qos == 2: assert 0 def subscribe(self, topic, qos=0): assert self.cb is not None, "Subscribe callback is not set" pkt = bytearray(b"\x82\0\0\0") self.pid += 1 struct.pack_into("!BH", pkt, 1, 2 + 2 + len(topic) + 1, self.pid) # print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":")) self.sock.write(pkt) self._send_str(topic) self.sock.write(qos.to_bytes(1, "little")) while 1: op = self.wait_msg() if op == 0x90: resp = self.sock.read(4) # print(resp) assert resp[1] == pkt[2] and resp[2] == pkt[3] if resp[3] == 0x80: raise MQTTException(resp[3]) return # Wait for a single incoming MQTT message and process it. # Subscribed messages are delivered to a callback previously # set by .set_callback() method. Other (internal) MQTT # messages processed internally. def wait_msg(self): res = self.sock.read(1) self.sock.setblocking(True) if res is None: return None if res == b"": raise OSError(-1) if res == b"\xd0": # PINGRESP sz = self.sock.read(1)[0] assert sz == 0 return None op = res[0] if op & 0xF0 != 0x30: return op sz = self._recv_len() topic_len = self.sock.read(2) topic_len = (topic_len[0] << 8) | topic_len[1] topic = self.sock.read(topic_len) sz -= topic_len + 2 if op & 6: pid = self.sock.read(2) pid = pid[0] << 8 | pid[1] sz -= 2 msg = self.sock.read(sz) self.cb(topic, msg) if op & 6 == 2: pkt = bytearray(b"\x40\x02\0\0") struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 2, pid) self.sock.write(pkt) elif op & 6 == 4: assert 0 # Checks whether a pending message from server is available. # If not, returns immediately with None. Otherwise, does # the same processing as wait_msg. def check_msg(self): self.sock.setblocking(False) return self.wait_msg()
主程序代码如下：
import time import network from umqttsimple import MQTTClient from machine import Pin,Timer def do_connect(): wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF) wlan.active(True) if not wlan.isconnected(): print('connecting to network...') wlan.connect('11', '1234567a') i = 1 while not wlan.isconnected(): print("正在链接...{}".format(i)) i += 1 time.sleep(1) print('network config:', wlan.ifconfig()) def sub_cb(topic, msg): # 回调函数，收到服务器消息后会调用这个函数 print(topic, msg) top=str(topic,'UTF-8') strdata=str(msg,'UTF-8') count=strdata.find("power_switch") print(strdata[count+len("power_switch")+2]) if strdata[count+len("power_switch")+2]=='0' and top=='$thing/down/property/D89S2VVAFT/esp_led': led.value(1) if strdata[count+len("power_switch")+2]=='1' and top=='$thing/down/property/D89S2VVAFT/esp_led': led.value(0) #客户端ID client_id="D89S2VVAFTesp_led|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacsha1|" #服务器域名 addr="D89S2VVAFT.iotcloud.tencentdevices.com" #端口号 port=1883 #用户名 username="D89S2VVAFTesp_led;12010126;KTXHT;1669512546" #密码 password="0569df86e0c75494960cc922703c9ddd47c3fee048ed03d6b1a22d89a8b8a305;hmacsha256" led=Pin(22,Pin.OUT) led.value(1) # 1. 联网 do_connect() # 2. 创建mqt c = MQTTClient(client_id=client_id,server=addr,port=port,user=username,password=password,keepalive=60) # 建立一个MQTT客户端 c.set_callback(sub_cb) # 设置回调函数 c.connect() # 建立连接 c.subscribe(b"$thing/down/property/D89S2VVAFT/esp_led") # 监控ledctl这个通道，接收控制命令 timer1 = Timer(0) timer1.init(period=1000*60, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=lambda t: c.ping()) while True: c.check_msg()
点击编译，编译成功如下
查看腾讯云建立的设备，可以看到，此时设备已经在线
点击二维码，打开腾讯连连小程序，扫码添加设备
现在就可以通过腾讯连连来控制ESP32设备啦！点击点灯开关，ESP32设备打印出收到的消息，如下：
